“I suspect
that Watkins cautionary fable is really a wildly sincere desire to find his
own ultimate punishment”. The New York Times
1970. THE WAR in Vietnam is escalating. President Nixon
has decided on a secret bombing campaign of Cambodia. There is massive public
protest in the United States and elsewhere. Nixon declares a state of national
emergency, and - we presuppose in the film - activates the 1950 Internal
Security Act (the McCarran Act), which authorizes Federal authorities, without
reference to Congress, to detain persons judged to be “a risk to internal
security”.
.................
Judge: Are you familiar with Saint Thomas
Aquinas?
James Arthur
Kohler. Pacifist. Age 20: Yes, I am.
Judge: I think he had this to say about a
just war.
He laid down a proviso
for a just war, he said this: That war must be decided upon legitimate
authority and, secondly, that its objective must be to vindicate justice and
that, thirdly, it must be waged with a just intent.
This was during the 12th
Century, before this present time.
He understood what a
just war meant.
Can't you understand
that the policy in Indochina is even justified by a 12th Century philosopher?
James Arthur Kohler: Those provisos came from Saint
Augustine originally, and Saint Augustine had a fourth proviso which shows
the total absurdity of
considering any war just:
That a war must be
waged under the control of a loving disposition, that no man is fit to inflict
punishment
until he has banished hate
from his heart.
Giudice: Ha letto San Tommaso d'Aquino?
James Arthur Kohler. Pacifista. Età, 20 anni: Si.
Giudice: Ha scritto ciò su
una guerra giusta.
Ha messo queste condizioni a una guerra giusta: Innanzi tutto,
un'autorità legittima deve deciderne.
secondo: il suo obiettivo deve essere difendere la giustizia, e terzo, deve
muoversi con un'intenzione giusta.
Lo ha scritto nel XII° secolo prima della nostra epoca.
Sapeva cos'era una guerra giusta.
Non capite che la nostra politica in Indocina è persino giustificata da
un filosofo del XII° secolo.
James Arthur Kohler: E' Sant'Agostino che, per primo, ha messo
questa condizione.
Ma dimostrava in seguito l'assurdità della possibilità di una guerra
giusta.
Per lui, la guerra deve essere condotta con un cuore pieno d'amore, nessun
uomo può infliggere punizioni prima d'aver bandito l'odio dal suo cuore.
Peter Watkins, Punishment Park, 1970